Cups of performance and printing technology

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1, Introduction As the strengthening of national environmental awareness, on the one hand, the whole society to promote clean production, required the entire life cycle of the product should achieve energy conservation, consumption, conservation and wastewater reduction, efficiency initiatives; on the other hand, in order to comply with green packaging needs, requirements package product safety, health, good adaptability to environmental protection, energy saving resources. The production and use of paper cups just meet the national environmental policies, use of paper cups instead of disposable plastic cups to reduce the "white pollution", paper cups, cheap and convenient health of a wide market share instead of the other key containers. Cup cold cup by zoning and hot cups, paper cups, the material in addition to processing performance to meet the needs of its packaging, it must also adapt to meet their printing properties. Print technology in many factors have combined to satisfy the conditions of seal cups processing. The following material composition on the paper cups, printability some of processing performance.






crown wheel pinion


2, the composition of the material paper cup
flexible shafts


Cup cold paper cup base paper production process is the direct printing, die cutting, molding, spray the surface of food with wax. Process of making hot drinks cup base paper by the paper cup into the cup through Laminating paper, printing, die cutting, molding.








2.1 cups base paper composition


Cups base paper from plant fibers, their production process is generally used softwood, hardwood and other plant fibers through pulping by the ease after the pulp, refining, adding chemical supplies, filter, copy machine making, etc..








2.2 The composition of paper cups


Cup base paper and paper from the paper cups out of composite plastic resin particles composed of the general use of plastic resin, polyethylene resin (PE), paper cups base paper by Laminating single or double PE film PE film after a single PE paper Double PE paper cups or paper cups. PE has its own non-toxic, odorless, tasteless; Health and reliable; chemical stability; physical and mechanical properties of a balanced, good cold tolerance; against water, moisture and oxygen barrier some, oil resistance; excellent performance and very good shape combined the advantages of sealing performance. PE production capacity, sources of convenient, inexpensive, but not suitable for high temperature cooking, if the cups have special performance requirements, then drenches the membrane performance when used with the appropriate plastic resins.








3, cups of printability 3.1 cups substrate requirements 3.1.1 cup base paper surface requirements








Direct printing base paper cups should have a certain degree of surface strength (wax stick value 14A), to avoid appearing in print Linting phenomenon; also must have good surface sophistication to meet the print and written in uniformity.








3.1.2 Surface Treatment of pre-press


The base paper to be printed or basement membrane, the surface must be clean, dry, smooth, no dust, no oil, on the non-polar, dense and smooth surface of PE and other materials, its surface tension lower Only 29 ~ 31mN m-1, but also by corona treatment in advance, so that it changes the surface state, surface tension increased to the 40mN m-1, at least 38mN m-1 over Thus, printing inks to achieve a certain fastness.








3.2 cups requirements of printing ink


Requirements for paper cups printing ink fastness and better printing, printing with good acid, alkali, water, temperature, light, will not happen because of the role of these factors, fading, discoloration, shedding phenomenon; other printed matter have a good scratch resistance and gloss, semi-extinction and extinction of.








4, paper cup printing technology (outside of the normal printing technology to add)








4.1 ink components: the ink composition must meet the Food Sanitation Law and the corresponding food packaging hygiene standards.

Quercus agrifolia

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Botany and Range


Coast Live Oak, Sonoma County


Coast Live Oak typically has a much-branched trunk and reaches a mature height of 10-25 meters. Some specimens may attain an age exceeding 250 years, with trunk diameters up to three or four meters, such as the magnificent specimens on the Filoli estate in San Mateo County.
hgh release


The trunk, particularly for older individuals, may be highly contorted, massive and gnarled. The crown is broadly rounded and dense, especially when aged 20 to 70 years; in later life the trunk and branches are more well defined and the leaf density lower.
interferential therapy


Leaves


The leaves are dark green, oval, often convex in shape, 2-7 cm long and 1-4 cm broad; the leaf margin is spiny-toothed (spinose), with sharp thistly fibers that extend from the lateral leaf veins. The outer layers of leaves are designed for maximum solar absorption, containing two to three layers of photosynthetic cells.


These outer leaves are deemed to be small in size to more efficiently re-radiate the heat gained from solar capture. Shaded leaves are generally broader and thinner, having only a single layer of photosynthetic cells. The convex leaf shape may be useful for interior leaves which depend on capturing reflected light scattered in random directions from the outer canopy.


Inflorescence and Acorns


Acorns and leaves


The flowers are produced in early to mid spring; the male flowers are pendulous catkins 5-10 cm long, the female flowers inconspicuous, less than 0.5 cm long, with 1-3 clustered together. The fruit is a slender reddish brown acorn 2-3.5 cm long and 1-1.5 cm broad, with the basal quarter enclosed in a cupule; unusually for a red oak, the acorns mature about 7-8 months after pollination (most red oak acorns take 18 months to mature).


Recognized varieties


There are two varieties of Quercus agrifolia:


Quercus agrifolia var. agrifolia. Throughout the range of the species. Leaves that are glabrous to slightly hairy on the abaxial side, especially near the leaf vein axils. Hybrids with Q. kelloggii, Quercus parvula var. shevei, and Q. wislizenii are known.


Quercus agrifolia var. oxyadenia. Southwesternmost California (San Diego area), Baja California. Leaves that are tomentose abaxially, with densely interwoven hairs. It prefers granitic soils; hybrids with Q. kelloggi known.


Hybridity


Several hybrids between Coast Live Oak and other red oak species have been documented. Hybrids with Interior Live Oak (Q. wislizenii) are known in many areas in northern California. Coast live oak also hybridizes with Nuttall's Scrub Oak (Q. dumosa) and Shreve Oak (Q. parvula var. shrevii). All these oak species show evidence of introgression with one another.


Etymology


The name Quercus agrifolia literally means "sharp-leaved oak", not "field-leaved oak" as is sometimes thought, nor is it an error by the describing botanist for "aquifolia", "holly-leaved".[citation needed] This species is sometimes known by the name "California Live Oak".


Habitat and ecology


Coast Live Oak off California 101, central coast.


Coast Live Oak is the only California native oak that actually thrives in the coastal environment, although it is rare on the immediate shore; it enjoys the mild winter and summer climate afforded by ocean proximity, and it is somewhat tolerant of aerosol-borne sea salt. The coastal fog supplies relief from the rainless California summer heat.


It is the dominant overstory plant of the Coast Live Oak woodland habitat, often joined by California Bay Laurel and California Buckeye north of Big Sur. Associated understory plants include Toyon, various manzanitas and Western Poison-oak.


Normally the tree is found on well drained soils of coastal hills and plains, often near year round or perennial streams. It may be found in several natural communities including Coast Live Oak woodland, Engelmann Oak woodland, Valley Oak woodland and both northern and southern mixed evergreen forests. While normally found within 100 kilometers of the Pacific Ocean at elevations less than 700 meters, in southern California it occasionally occurs at up to 1,500 meters in altitude.


The California Oak Moth (Phryganidia californica) caterpillar subsists entirely on living and fallen leaves of the Coast Live Oak. In 8-10 year cycles, the caterpillar will appear in sufficient abundance to denude healthy trees. The trees recover, and botanists speculate that the species provide mutual benefit, possibly in the form of fertilizer for the oak . The Coast Live Oak is also the only known foodplant of Chionodes vanduzeei caterpillars.


Economic usage


Historical usage


Coast Live Oak at Rancho Los Encinos in the San Fernando Valley.


At least twelve distinct cultures of Native Americans are known to have consumed the acorns as a dietary staple. In the 18th century Spaniards in the San Fernando Valley used the wood for charcoal to fire kilns in making adobe. Later this form of charcoal would be utilized in the baking, gunpowder and electric power industries.


In the 18th and 19th centuries shipbuilders sought out the odd angular branches to make special joints. Pioneers moving west would harvest small amounts for making farm implements and wagon wheels, but the greatest impact was the wholesale clearing of oak woodlands to erect sprawling cities such as San Diego and San Francisco. The irregular shape often let the tree escape widespread harvest for building timbers, and also led the early settlers to endow the Coast Live Oak with mystical qualities. Its stateliness has made it a subject of historical landscape painters throughout California modern history since the mid 1800s.


Modern usage


Coast Live Oak has also become a common addition to landscaping. It is however sensitive to changes in grading and drainage; in particular, it is important to respect the root crown level and avoid adding soil near the trunk when construction or landscaping occurs.


Also, if incorporating it into a landscaping scheme with artificial irrigation, it is important not to water within the oak's drip line (canopy), as wet soil in the summer increases infection rates by soil-borne Phytophthora diseases like sudden oak death.


Geographical monikers


The Coast Live Oak, especially in its Spanish forms encino or encina, encinitas "little oaks", and encinal "oak grove", gave its name to seven land grants across California and to many communitities and geographic features.


These include Rancho Los Encinos, the community of Encino near Los Angeles, Encinitas near San Diego, and Encinal del Temescal, now the city of Oakland.


Paso Robles ('Pass of the Oaks') also refers to oaks as a geographical place name.


Notes


^ J. M. Davidson (7 July 2003). "Sudden Oak Death and Associated Diseases Caused by Phytophthora ramorum". Plant Management Network. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/php/shared/sod/. Retrieved 12 January 2010. 


^ Gudde, Erwin, and William Bright, California Place Names, University of California Press, 4th edition, 1998, ISBN 0520213165, p. 123-124


References


Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Quercus agrifolia


Flora of North America: Quercus agrifolia


Jepson Flora Project: Quercus agrifolia, var. agrifolia, var. oxyadenia


Balls, E. K. (1972). Early Uses of California Plants. University of California Press, Berkeley.


Pavlik, B. M., Muick, P., Johnson, S., & Popper, M. (1991). Oaks of California. Cachuma Press ISBN 0-9628505-1-9.


Sawyer, John O., & Keeler-Wolf, Todd. (1995) A manual of California Vegetation. California Native Plant Society, page 241.


Native Plant Information Network More information on Quercus agrifolia


Las Pilitas: California Oaks


Virginia Tech Forestry Department: Coast Live Oak


USDA Plants Database: Quercus agrifolia Ne


Categories: Quercus | Trees of the United States | Trees of California | Trees of Baja California | Trees of Mediterranean climate | Drought-tolerant treesHidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from February 2007

Exquisite hardware accessories Selling Well

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Visited building materials store found, many Hardware building materials store all opened Hardware display district so past inconspicuous Hardware accessories product become quite compelling. Such For Hardware attention being caters today consumers increasingly attention to detail habits.


    In Hing Fat locks boutique, reporter saw locks display area placed many modeling beautiful fine workmanship lock. According shopkeeper Mr. Mo, currently market locks style increasingly Some look like a exquisite art can its function is a lock.


    According present market more popular locks, shape mainly spherical, three leveraged circle cover Handle shaped, embedded long cover big door locks several style some lock handle two separate style. Which spherical lock normally used Utsubusa locks, price from over 10 yuan to over 80 yuan ranging quality better casting spherical locks prices will high some; Executive hand locks style relatively new, in shape technology requirements higher, price from over 30 yuan to 90 Multi ranging; small mortise lock used for household large locks because brand, style, material various prices Vary from over 60 yuan to 300 pluralistic have; medium interpolation core lock is with Suoxin's, used big locks more Insurance some, price multi in 120 yuan to over 500 yuan between; more advanced is villa big locks, whether products technology and grade are higher prices 700 to over 3000 yuan between.
silica gel dehumidifier


    Currently Jiangmen marketed locks, from Zhongshan, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhejiang origin more, most famous brands lock more formal and reassuring Though price higher But sales also good. According industry sources, from Zhejiang locks, styles and modeling quite attractive but quality has than produced Zhongshan and Guangzhou lock, therefore Consumers locks O'clock not light see appearance.
water chiller system


    Handle chic shape attractive


    In hardware products, handle designed most richly varied, although simply function but because shape on characteristics while let consumers bangs, not help pays for.


    According Cheung Hing hardware store's Hu introduction, from color speaking, handle already rid traditional stainless mirror color, color become colorful like black, bronze, light chromium, pearl Nickel + clear lacquer etc. have crystal translucent also mute introverted or unassuming, or elegant. These expressive color, for home, although just a tiny embellishment but already finest decoration. In style, currently linear, rough European style aluminum handle comparison selling, length from 32mm to 384mm have.


    Hu said some genuine creative handle prices not expensive sometimes price than other brand low, about between 3 over 20 yuan between comparison famous brands such Germany days prime, Italy "caim" etc. , prices relatively higher, but cost higher style simple beautifully designed. Handle collocation also very particular, if set furniture appears two styles different of handle would undermine furniture coordination beauty; furniture small door or drawer long, these Door or drawer should avoid choose strip handle , select smaller diamond or annular handle can; If Kok cabinet, should choose dexterous, style new handle to silhouetted against furniture lively US.

Europe and the United States of China's home appliance business experience

 
antique sapphire rings


   "Chinese business success is really not as good as 20 years ago Japan? Chinese leaders Enterprises
gem stone rings


Glanz


,


Association


,


Haier


Brought to the West's fear and have no more than Panasonic,


Sony


,


Toyota


Japanese companies such as poor. They are understanding of China to create the three card! "Recently, the most authoritative financial newspapers in Europe and America???"


Financial


Times "published an article entitled" Who is the trump card in emerging markets, "the article, China's Galanz, Lenovo, Haier three companies were the cover story. The abstracts selected at Harvard


Business School


Published this year's "Made in China: managers from China and leading Western


Entrepreneur


Learn anything? "By Tangnasuer (Donald Sull) is Professor of Management Practice at London Business School, the book became the economic circles of Europe and the United States


Made in China


The best-selling book.





What is the Chinese enterprises have attracted the attention of European and American scholars? This paper analyzes the secret:





Value


Marketing


   "Low cost, but the fast pace of innovation and marketing, U.S. and European companies than the much higher costs in China, but the speed is much lower, we had acquired with China Glanz, Lenovo, Haier


Competition


. "Donald Sull issued a warning on the European and American entrepreneurs:" Japan is a very small number of big companies by the government to strengthen the international competitiveness, while China has a large number of companies through their own harsh temper and won in international, therefore, China has created more than in Japan severe. "He praised the" value Godfather "Glanz and costs of independent innovation strategy. He said: Do not believe China's Galanz to just create the most typical" low-cost features "only" price butcher ", Grand Shi strong independent innovation capability, product quality is high. This is not the usual sense of quality low-cost "price strategy", but represent the most advanced current "value marketing" theory, this should be the most advanced textbooks as the "value strategy."





Hold high the low-hit Chinese electrical enterprise in the end what trick? Donald Sull that China's unique skills to create the most fundamental is the "super-cheap to suppress domestic rivals in the low-end, the same time have high-tech to foreign rivals off the high-end." Three of China's home appliance brand, for example, Lenovo


Computer


Tailored to customers worldwide cheap computers, Dell computer and than the United States


IBM


Computer for more than 6 months ahead, so that


Dell


The basic failure of low-cost direct sales in China; Haier refrigerator with quality than


Siemens


Electrolux prices with much lower prices are higher than in the domestic opponents with better quality, they are able to occupy the Chinese refrigerator market in more than 25%; Galanz mainly by the huge success of a professional production to reduce costs and get the most advanced facilities in China to produce Western Microwave, fundamentally changed the structure of the world sales of microwave ovens. Galanz microwave oven 26 million units annually, more than 90% of the world's microwave ovens are really famous line from the endless flow of Galanz of the world.





"Hold high technology, low play price, as China has created a unique skill set to overtake Japan!" Donald Sull said it


Chinese entrepreneurs


Of


Desk


At most a few of the propaganda the U.S.


General


Welch's business ideas, former president of the monograph. May be next year, European and American entrepreneurs will be put on the desk a few of the introduction Glanz, Lenovo and Haier, monographs, this change is at hand.