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The Alkaline diet (also known as the alkaline ash diet, alkaline acid diet and the acid alkaline diet) is a diet based the theory that certain foods, when consumed, leave an alkaline residue, or ash. Minerals containing elements like calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, are the said to be the principal components of the ash, as they are incombustible. Foods are thus classified[citation needed] as alkaline, acid or neutral according to the pH of the solution created with their ash in water. One of the most famous proponents of the alkaline diet is Robert Young, who has come under scrutiny from the National Council Against Health Fraud.
In general, the diet involves eating certain fresh citrus and other low-sugar fruits, vegetables, tubers, nuts, and legumes and avoiding grains, dairy, meat, sugar, alcohol, caffeine and fungi. Such a diet is alleged to help to maintain the balance of the slight alkalinity (7.35-7.45) of blood without stressing the body's regulators of acid-base homeostasis.[citation needed]
Proponents suggest adhering to the alkaline diet might prevent cancer, fatigue, obesity and allergies. However, there is little to support these claims beyond some evidence suggesting that an alkaline diet might aid bone health, and some evidence that cancer cells grow more quickly in an acidic solution in a lab setting. There is little scientific evidence to support the wide-ranging health claims of the alkaline diet proponents.
A similar theory, called the Hay diet, was developed by the American physician William Howard Hay in the 1920s. A later theory, called nutripathy, was developed by another American, Gary A. Martin, in the 1970s. Others who have promulgated alkaline-acid diets include Edgar Cayce, D. C. Jarvis, Robert Young, Herman Aihara, Fred Shadian, and Victor A. Marcial-Vega.[citation needed]
The theory behind the alkaline diet is not widely accepted by the medical community.
References
^ National Council Against Health Fraud, "Consumer Health Digest #05-14", accessed Feb. 17, 2010
^ The Alkavorian Approach to Optimal Health, by Robert and Shelly Young
^ Sigrid Jehle, Antonella Zanetti, Jrgen Muser, Henry N. Hulter, and Reto Krapf. Partial Neutralization of the Acidogenic Western Diet with Potassium Citrate Increases Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Nov 2006; 17: 3213-22.
^ Sebastian A, Frassetto LA, Merriam RL, Sellmeyer D, Morris RC Jr. An evolutionary perspective on the acid-base effects of diet. In Acid-Base Disorders and Their Treatment, Gennari, J, et al., eds. Marcel Dekker, Inc. 2002, 2005.
^ Dawson-Hughes, Bess., Tufts University; the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Jan 2008.
^ Alkaline Diets and Cancer: Fact or Fiction?, by Stephanie Vangsness, R.D., L.D.N. Intelihealth, published May 3, 2006; accessed July 17, 2008.
^ Urine/Saliva pH Testing: Another Gimmick to Sell You Something, Stephen Barrett, M.D. ,Quackwatch link
^ Aihara, Herman, Acid and Alkaline, Macrobiotic Foundation, 1986. available online ISBN 091886044X
^ Alkaline Diets and Cancer: Fact or Fiction?, by Stephanie Vangsness, R.D., L.D.N. Intelihealth, published May 3, 2006; accessed July 17, 2008.
Categories: Vegetarianism | DietsHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from January 2010 | All articles needing additional references | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from April 2009 | Articles with unsourced statements from March 2008
Wednesday, September 1, 2010
Alkaline Diet
Media Foundation
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Architecture
Media Foundation Architecture mosaic pattern tile
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The MF architecture is divided into the Control layer, Core Layer and the Platform layer. The core layer encapsulates most of the functionality of Media Foundation. It consists of the media foundation pipeline, which has three components: Media Source, Media Sink and Media Foundation Transforms (MFT). A media source is an object that acts as the source of multimedia data, either compressed or uncompressed. It can encapsulate various data sources, like a file, or a network server or even a camcorder, with source specific functionality abstracted by a common interface. A source object can use a source resolver object which creates a media source from an URI, file or bytestream. Support for non-standard protocols can be added by creating a source resolver for them. A source object can also use a sequencer object to use a sequence of sources (a playlist) or to coalesce multiple sources into single logical source. A media sink is the recipient of processed multimedia data. A media sink can either be a renderer sink, which renders the content on an output device, or an archive sink, which saves the content onto a persistent storage system such as a file. A renderer sink takes uncompressed data as input whereas an archive sink can take either compressed or uncompressed data, depending on the output type. The data from media sources to sinks are acted upon by MFTs; MFTs are certain functions which transform the data into another form. MFTs can include multiplexers and demultiplexers, codecs or DSP effects like reverb. The core layer uses services like file access and networking and clock synchronization to time the multimedia rendering. These are part of the Platform layer, which provides services necessary for accessing the source and sink byte streams, presentation clocks and an object model that lets the core layer components function asynchronously, and is generally implemented as OS services. Pausing, stopping, fast forward, reverse or time-compression can be achieved by controlling the presentation clock.
However, the media pipeline components are not connected; rather they are just presented as discrete components. An application running in the Control layer has to choose which source types, transforms and sinks are needed for the particular video processing task at hand, and set up the "connections" between the components (a topology) to complete the data flow pipeline. For example, to play back a compressed audio/video file, the pipeline will consist of a file source object, a demultiplexer for the specific file container format to split the audio and video streams, codecs to decompress the audio and video streams, DSP processors for audio and video effects and finally the EVR renderer, in sequence. Or for a video capture application, the camcorder will act as video and audio sources, on which codec MFTs will work to compress the data and feed to a multiplexer that coalesces the streams into a container; and finally a file sink or a network sink will write it to a file or stream over a network. The application also has to co-ordinate the flow of data between the pipeline components. The control layer has to "pull" (request) samples from one pipeline component and pass it onto the next component in order to achieve data flow within the pipeline. This is in contrast to DirectShow's "push" model where a pipeline component pushes data to the next component. Media Foundation allows content protection by hosting the pipeline within a protected execution environment, called the Protected Media Path. The control layer components are required to propagate the data through the pipeline at a rate that the rendering synchronizes with the presentation clock. The rate (or time) of rendering is embedded as a part of the multimedia stream as metadata. The source objects extract the metadata and pass it over. Metadata is of two types: coded metadata, which is information about bit rate and presentation timings, and descriptive metadata, like title and author names. Coded metadata is handed over to the object that controls the pipeline session, and descriptive metadata is exposed for the application to use if it chooses to.
Media Foundation provides a Media Session object that can be used to setup the topologies, and facilitate a data flow, without the application doing it explicitly. It exists in the control layer, and exposes a Topology loader object. The application specifies the required pipeline topology to the loader, which then creates the necessary connections between the components. The media session object manages the job of synchronizing with the presentation clock. It creates the presentation clock object, and passes a reference to it to the sink. It then uses the timer events from the clock to propagate data along the pipeline. It also changes the state of the clock to handle pause, stop or resume requests from the application.
Media Foundation Transform
Media Foundation Transforms (MFTs) represent a generic model for processing media data. They are used in Media Foundation primarily to implement decoders, encoders, mixers and digital signal processors (DSPs) between media sources and media sinks. Media Foundation Transforms are an evolution of the transform model first introduced with DirectX Media Objects (DMOs). Hybrid DMO/MFT Objects can also be created. Applications can use MFTs inside the Media Foundation pipeline, or use them directly as stand-alone objects. MFTs also support hardware-accelerated video processing and their behaviors are more clearly specified. MFTs can be any of the following type:
Audio and video codecs
Audio and video effects
Multiplexers and demultiplexers
Tees
Color-space converters
Sample-rate converters
Video scalers
Microsoft recommends developers to write a Media Foundation Transform instead of a DirectShow filter, for Windows Vista & Windows 7. For video editing and video capture, Microsoft recommends using DirectShow as they are not the primary focus of Media Foundation in Windows Vista.
Enhanced Video Renderer
Media Foundation uses the Enhanced Video Renderer (EVR) for rendering video content, which acts as a mixer as well. It can mix up to 16 simultaneous streams, with the first stream being a reference stream. All but the reference stream can have per-pixel transparency information, as well as any specified z-order. The reference stream cannot have transparent pixels, and has a fixed z-order position, at the back of all streams. The final image is composited onto a single surface by coloring each pixel according to the color and transparency of the corresponding pixel in all streams.
Internally, the EVR uses a mixer object for mixing the streams. It can also deinterlace the output and apply color correction, if required. The composited frame is handed off to a presenter object, which schedules them for rendering onto a Direct3D device, which it shares with the DWM and other applications using the device. The frame rate of the output video is synchronized with the frame rate of the reference stream. If any of the other streams (called substreams) have a different frame rate, EVR discards the extra frames (if the substream has a higher frame rate), or uses the same frame more than once (if it has a slower frame rate).
Supported media formats
Windows Media Audio, Windows Media Video and MP3 are the default supported formats. Format support is extensible; developers can add support for other formats by writing decoder MFTs and/or custom Media Sources. MIDI playback is also not yet supported using Media Foundation.
Benefits over DirectShow
Media Foundation offers the following benefits:
Is scalable for high-definition content and DRM-protected content.
Allows DirectX Video Acceleration to be used outside of the DirectShow infrastructure. DXVA 2.0 is available to user-mode components without using the DirectShow video renderer.
Provides better resilience to CPU, I/O, and memory stress for low-latency glitch-free playback of audio and video. Video tearing has been minimized. The improved video processing support also enables high color spaces and enhanced full-screen playback. Enhanced video renderer (EVR) which is also available for DirectShow, offers better timing support and improved video processing.
Media Foundation extensibility enables different content protection systems to operate together.
Media Foundation uses the Multimedia Class Scheduler Service (MMCSS), a new system service in Windows Vista & Windows 7. MMCSS enables multimedia applications to ensure that their time-sensitive processing receives prioritized access to CPU resources.
Media Foundation accompanies two other technologies - Direct3D 10 and Windows Presentation Foundation - to keep pace with graphics and multimedia hardware evolution and demanding multimedia applications.
Application support
Media Foundation, for this initial release in Windows Vista and later release in Windows 7, finds use in media playback applications. Until now, mainly internal or bundled Windows services and applications are using Media Foundation.
Windows Protected Media Path (PMP), for instance, relies completely on Media Foundation.
Windows Media Player 11 in Windows Vista relies on Media Foundation for playing ASF (WMA and WMV) content and protected content, but can also use DirectShow or the Windows Media Format SDK instead. In the case of WMV9 playback, this also implies using DXVA 2.0 instead of DXVA 1.0 when the video hardware supports WMV9/VC-1 decoding acceleration.
Windows Media Player 12 in Windows 7
DirectX Video Acceleration (DXVA) 2.0, the hardware video acceleration pipeline for Windows Vista and Windows 7, also bases on Media Foundation.
References
^ Migrating from DirectShow to Media Foundation and comparison of the two
External links
Microsoft Media Foundation SDK
Media Foundation Development Forum
Media Foundation Team Blog (with samples)
Media Source Metadata
Media Foundation Pipeline
Media Foundation Architecture
About the Media Session
About the Media Foundation SDK
Enhanced Video Renderer
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Categories: Microsoft Windows multimedia technology | Microsoft application programming interfaces | Multimedia frameworks | Windows Vista
China's Auto And Auto Parts Export Base Landing Ruian
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Ruian City had its first 10, "Guo Zihao" gold card! Recently, multi-purpose hall in the municipal compound, organized by China's auto and auto parts export base awarding ceremony outside the registered trademark of training sessions, China Machinery and Electronic Products Import and Export Chamber of Commerce awarded Ruian City, "China's auto and auto parts export base," the title, and awarding the scene. water dispenser bottles
water dispenser faucet
Ruian City is the first-prone areas of the private economy, is the birthplace of the Wenzhou model. Since reform and opening, Ruian City to develop the private economy, and continuously optimize the industrial structure, forming a automobile and motorbike, machinery and electronics, polymer composite materials and their products, the three leading industries and glasses, bags, knitting, handicrafts, footwear, clothing six massive financial industry, have won the "China Automobile with all" "China Forging Industry Base", etc. 9 Guo Zihao payment cards, which, Ruian City, one of the leading automobile and motorcycle industry with the industry over 40 years growth, from small to big and from weak to strong, has gone through the business, development, adjustment, upgrading and restructuring and upgrading of five stages.
At present, the city has Auto 2709 with production enterprises, including 29 super-billion business in 2008, the total sales income of 23.0 billion, accounting for 30% of the city's industrial output value, export volume reached 420 million U.S. dollars, the city's total exports 25%. In recent years, Ruian City, insisted Auto with industry as its pillar industries to focus on cultivating, in order to enhance integration with the International Auto Industry Base, unveiled a series of policies for the auto parts industry, Ruian City, sustained and healthy development provided a strong guarantee .
Yeh Shih-lin, deputy secretary of municipal party committee at the awarding ceremony that China Machinery and Electronic Products Import and Export Chamber of Commerce awarded Ruian City, "China's auto and auto parts export base," a title that is Ruian Auto industry development with full recognition of the achievements, but also on the Ruian City Auto in the future to promote further development of the industry with great encouragement, Ruian City is the trade association, the majority of the strong business confidence boost. Since then, Ruian City will continue to optimize enterprise business environment for innovation, improve the corporate governance mechanism, vigorously promote industrial restructuring and upgrading, to guide Auto with industry to "vehicle, parts" direction.
The Development Of Packaging And Printing Industry Out Of New Models In Zhongshan City
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Songde Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd. is a city well-known enterprises, the production of machinery to be welcomed. City has established the supply of raw materials, machinery and equipment, packaging and printing, packaging and printing a complete industrial system. insulation foam sheets
spanish roof tiles
"Since last year, some SMEs have also fallen due to barely gone, but this year more new enterprises, probably an increase of more than 100." Zhongshan City, packaging and printing industry association official told reporters, Zhongshan City, the existing 1500 number of printing enterprises with annual turnover of 15 billion yuan Chao, ranking fifth in the province. Packaging and printing industry has become one of the pillar industries, Zhongshan City.
Last year, under the influence of the financial crisis, rising raw material prices pressures to become printing enterprises, "burden," an unbearable weight and out of some SMEs. Reporter learned yesterday, in order to help companies tide over the difficulties the city through the packaging and printing industry associations in cooperation with the postal savings sector, in order to provide small loans to SMEs, to address the shortage of enterprise funds "bottleneck" So far, more than 30 companies submitted applications.
Low-industrial chain of high-style development of dislocation
Zhongshan, packaging and printing industries have formed a torch China Packaging Printing Production Zone Xiaolan Town, represented by bases and industrial base, and expanding production scale, is the country's largest production base of packaging printing.
As early as 1999, the city founded packaging printing production base in China, which has become the city's high-end packaging and printing industry, an important platform for the development. According to Lin Zhaoguang description, packaging base since its inception, has attracted a large number of renowned domestic and foreign enterprises to invest in packaging and printing, including Hong Kong, Hung Hing Printing Group, Graphic Arts Engraving Company, Dalian Shengdao Group, Shanxi Yuncheng Engraving, etc. are well-known enterprise. Packing more than 110 bases in the existing types of enterprises, involving print, paper packaging and printing, plastic packaging and other printing and packaging fields. 2008 industrial output value of the base of 125 billion yuan, 7.03% Bi Zeng. A complete and perfect, with higher levels of industrial aggregation comprehensive packaging and printing industry base has formed the scale.
In addition to high-end production base in China Packaging packaging industries, Siu Lam, Dong-Sheng, East Phoenix and other townships in the northwest city of packaging and printing a large concentration of small and medium enterprises. Such high improvement of the low industrial chain, expanding the market coverage, business and enterprise can be formed between the dislocation-type development, enhances the city's packaging and printing industry's overall competitiveness.
Forming an integrated model of production and research
Both well-known high-end enterprise, another downstream supporting industries, but also has a university research strength and perfect packaging and printing personnel training base, Zhongshan, packaging and printing industry, universities and research institutes formed a new development model.
To speed up scientific and technological progress and technological innovation is to improve the packaging and printing enterprise's core competitiveness, and enhance industrial development potential of the key. Lin Zhaoguang said that the torch area support base for packaging and printing enterprises to purchase domestic and international packaging and printing industry, advanced technology and equipment, with special emphasis on absorbing and digesting foreign advanced technological achievements.
Packaging Co., Ltd., Guangdong, Europe and Asia and general manager of Lian-Yun Zeng told reporters that the introduction of advanced equipment, focusing on product development, in spite of the economic environment, but special orders, and this year, the company is expected to achieve 30% of the about growth. Europe and Asia is China's largest manufacturer of aluminum aerosol cans, the company developed a new beer bottle market is expected to become a "hot."
To address the talent required for packaging and printing industry challenges, the city has formed colleges, vocational school, factory prices in various forms such as the cultivation of practical training model. Vocational and Technical College, Zhongshan Torch packaging and printing department official said that the joint base and colleges and universities for the city's packaging and printing industry development and personnel training have found a good model. It is understood that the torch Vocational and Technical College was awarded China Packaging Federation training base in Guangdong Province, Zhongshan City, Songde Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd. has been assessed as China Packaging Federation training base in Guangdong Province.
Industry, size of Pan Xingao
Makes Efforts to Improve the number of enterprises, the output value Chaobaiyi, Zhongshan packaging and printing industry, the scale of production to a new level?
Zhongshan Packaging and Printing Industry Association claims that packaging and printing industries should be organically combined with the cultural and creative industries, high value. It is understood that packaging and printing industries in the city associated with the publications, there are dozens of companies. City, SMG has said the new bureau, Torch Zone has a production base in China Packaging and Printing, packaging, printing can be used as cultural industries, in-depth excavation. The packaging and printing and actively participate in cultural and creative industries, market segments, professional personnel training, enhance the cultural and creative design value, such as moon cake boxes and a variety of packaging printing design, can be achieved through cultural and creative full value of upgrading.
Printed in the torch-related areas and more large enterprises, cultural industries have the big advantage of packaging and printing. Commercial Printing Co., Ltd., Zhongshan Xinhua main products include: teaching reading, book catalogs, advertisements, periodicals, magazines and other publications. Zhong-rong printing, to high-end packaging color box, paper shelf, hardcover gift boxes, paper bags and other paper products as the main products of professional printing manufacturers. These well-known packaging enterprises in the cultural and creative industries can root out the potential. As China's packaging and printing industry, one of the regional centers, Zhongshan to really stronger in this industry, there is a long way to go.